On the other hand, in thermally annealed thin films, crystallization of alkyl chains is preferred and thus the backbones adopt less stable, twisted conformations [33].
If such a time period is long enough, as in a drop-casting process, the polymer chains self-organize into a packing structure where attractions between the backbones are preferred to those between alkyl chains (form II).
Because random sequences may fold into alternative structures, the random sequences also play a role in parameterizing the fold recognition problem, where having a hydrophobic core and preferring a given backbone to an alternative state is not enough.
Both men were professors at the University of California at Davis, an important center for the study of wine, and they wanted to put some scientific backbone into the business of tasting — or, as they preferred to call it, "sensory evaluation," since all the senses were involved.
On the other hand, to compare different lentiviral vector backbones comprising additional cis-acting elements, a non-functional titration method is preferred to normalize the number of vector particles before assessing transduction efficiency.
In addition, when evaluating the binding poses, the formation of hydrogen bonds (with the backbone carbonyl group of W145 and/or with the side chain hydroxyl group of Y91) was preferred but not considered a strict requirement.
The strategy applied modifies the peptide backbone resulting in changes in intra- and/or intermolecular interactions postulated to contribute to melanocortin receptor preferred "bioactive" conformation(s) while providing increased protease stability.
Therefore, although attractions between the polymer backbones and between alkyl chains compete with each other in low MW P3HT, high MW P3HT always form a packing structure where attractions between alkyl chains are preferred (form I).
