The second phases rich in Cr and/or Mo in hcp Co-Cr-Mo alloys result in a heterogeneous microstructure distribution of alloy matrix, which can act as preferential initiation sites for the breakdown of passive film during the transpassive region.
We hypothesize that this sub-optimal uORF sequence context (compared to optimal Kozak consensus [ 47] sequence for the main coding region) would allow for leaky scanning [ 48, 60] of the uORF, and preferential initiation at the downstream main coding region.
Some constituent intermetallic (IMPs) particles at the surface of aluminium alloys are considered as preferential sites for the initiation of structural corrosion resulting in localized trenching around the particles and the surrounding Al matrix.
These findings prompted the authors of the study to propose that the virus specific CD8+ T-cells do not play a role for initiation of disease but rather are a consequence of preferential homing of the cells to inflamed tissue after virus reactivation.
Similarly, preferential inhibition of small RyR clusters has highlighted their involvement in the initiation of spontaneous Ca2+ waves.
Such a counterintuitive preferential methylation of the bodies of active genes was suggested to inhibit the initiation of transcription inside of genes [32] and was first reported for the aphid Myzus persicae, where DNA methylation is positively associated with the activity of amplified esterase gene copies [33].
The preferential oxidation of grain boundaries was found to play a principal role in the initiation of multiple cracks.
Analysis of the cellular expression level of cyclin B1 (cyclin B1/tubulin ratio), that is known to peak at mitosis, also revealed a significant increase 4h after initiation of the cell cycle (Fig. 1C), suggesting that mitosis is the cell-cycle phase where the preferential synthesis of these mitochondrial proteins is taking place.
These observations could reflect preferential regulation of distinct, large groups of genes by different mechanisms: 1) regulation at the level of transcription initiation and initiation of translation resulting from ATI and AS in 5′ UTRs and 2) posttranslational regulation by different protein isoforms.
The preferential localization of MGL2+ DDCs in the CR is consistent with the idea that MGL2+ DDCs are the population responsible for initiation of the CHS response because the CR is the sites of interaction between DC and newly migrated T cells and the sites of the primary T cell proliferation in vivo [41], [42], [54], [55].
