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bConfusion scores notation: B-B – the number of benign mutations predicted as benign; B-D – benign as deleterious, D-D – deleterious as deleterious; D-B – deleterious as benign.
321 substitutions were predicted to be probably damaging and 226 were predicted as possibly damaging, while the rest were predicted as benign substitutions.
In silico prediction programs predicted the P22S variant to be deleterious (SIFT) or probably damaging (PolyPhen-2), whereas the E281K was predicted as benign variant by both programs.
In case of a statistical significant difference, we also evaluated the difference in proportions of variants being predicted as benign for variants identified in ESP vs variants not identified in ESP, also with the use of Fisher's exact test.
The mutation m.14502T>C, excluded since predicted as benign and found in the healthy population, is reported in the literature in sporadic LHON cases and/or in combination with other primary LHON mutations (Zhao et al. 2009; Zhang et al. 2010).
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In contrast, two novel variations (I158M and K219R) were predicted as a benign or tolerated variation in all three programs.
We found significant overrepresentation of variants predicted as being benign among those present in ESP compared with the ones not present.
Being either predicted as non-benign mutation by at least 2 out of 4 pathogenicity predictors (MutPred, Mutation Taster, Polyphen2, SIFT) or loss-of-function mutation.
In total, 733 (69.3 %) AASs were predicted as harmful, 4 as benign and the remaining 321 were unclassified.
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