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The Liapunov function is predetermined in terms of the time-invariant parameters of the system and therefore the guesswork and/or optimization process required in the selection of a suitable "test function" is completely eliminated.
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The model suggests that the lagged values of decision variables, revenues, value added, and wage bill are predetermined in period t, and hence are orthogonal to both error terms, ε t and η t.
"Elections are predetermined in Yemen," Almas said.
Roles can be predetermined in an application or computed from information about the user.
The points and weights are predetermined in the independent standard normal variable space.
The customers' demands can be predetermined in each period.
In XML, the tags and attributes are predetermined terms, in other words, an XML schema is a set of controlled vocabularies.
However, unlike a bond, common equity is not long-term/forever on predetermined, immutable terms.
aThe term capacity map was predetermined within the terms of this project, so was not changed.
Third, because the maximum number of respondents was predetermined, some important differences in terms of background characteristics, research attitudes, or self-reported knowledge might have be missed because of inadequate statistical power.
In this modified review, we predetermined the search terms and the research aims and inclusion criteria were clearly stated.
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Since I tried Ludwig back in 2017, I have been constantly using it in both editing and translation. Ever since, I suggest it to my translators at ProSciEditing.

Justyna Jupowicz-Kozak
CEO of Professional Science Editing for Scientists @ prosciediting.com