However, in a Markov model, health stages are often predefined, discrete stages, which should reflect the biological or theoretical understanding of the condition being modelled [ 87, 88].
The coprocessor architecture has been designed so as to obtain a unit that can be configured on the fly, in terms of type and number of chained processing stages (up to 8 successive predefined preprocessing stages), during the image acquisition process that can be defined by the user according to each specific application requirement.
However, health stages in a Markov model are often predefined, discrete stages, where they should reflect the biological or theoretical understanding of the condition being modelled [ 93, 94].
Perceiving model building as an iterative multi-stage process with an evaluation stage with predefined appraisal criteria may guide the scientists through the model building and model evaluation process.
The transcriptome underwent significant changes during the first weeks of leaf development and during this stage the predefined developmental program of the leaves was much more important than environmental parameters in determining the leaf transcriptome.
Although the quality of surgical staging was not predefined according to this system, the selection of our patients required at least minimal surgical staging (TAH and BSO, inspection and palpation of all peritoneal surfaces and the retroperitoneal area, biopsies of all suspect lesions, peritoneal washings and omentectomy).
Of the 16 SNPs, none were associated with time to stage 3B CKD at the predefined threshold of 0.003, however, UMOD and SLC7A9 were associated with time to stage 3B CKD at the threshold of 0.05 (with the direction of effects consistent with that reported previously).
The proposed virtual human-based video conference framework consists of a definition stage that predefines the data for video conferencing, a recognition stage that extracts pose data from the images, and a reconstruction stage that reconstructs the virtual conference (Figure 1).
While the South African studies present estimates for the patients' real-time perceived health, the Lara study in addition ask people living with HIV/AIDS about their preferences for a set of predefined health states representing WHO clinical stages 2, 3 and 4, respectively [ 12].
Genes and interactions that composed a network module were predefined in the module-searching phase, but each model of a specific HIV-1 infection stage had its own representative co-expression scores and expression levels.
