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As a routine surveillance procedure, throat, nasal and rectal swabs as well as sputum and urine samples were collected on admission and weekly thereafter on predefined days.
By definition of the case crossover design, each case acted as its own control on a set of predefined days (called a reference period) around the time it became a case.
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The question used to establish current smoking was "During the past 30 days (1 month), on how many days did you smoke cigarettes?" with the GYTS predefined possible answers being: 0 days, 1 2 days, 3 5 days, 6 9 days, 10 19 days, 20 29 days and each day for the past 30 days.
Endpoints were infections during the first 30 days (predefined criteria for pneumonia, bacteraemia, wound, urine, and other), wound healing, and length of ICU stay.
Relevant information from the included trials was extracted with a predefined data extraction sheet.
Incisional SSI will be diagnosed by systematic evaluation of surgical wounds using clear predefined criteria, during 30 days after surgery.
Incisional SSI will be diagnosed by systematic evaluation of surgical wounds using clear predefined criteria, within 30 days of surgery.
The children visited the research clinic every six months as well as for acute respiratory tract symptoms, including wheezy episodes for three days (as predefined from diaries), clinical pneumonia, or other episodes of respiratory distress.
Since these databases lack diagnostic information, however, we used a predefined minimum number of days between the current prescription and an earlier antibiotic prescription as a proxy measure to determine whether the current prescription should be regarded as first or new and should be taken into account when assessing the quality of prescribing.
By 5 years, 112 patients (39%) had experienced cardiovascular hospitalization (including 21 HF hospitalizations, 18 coronary revascularizations, 15 myocardial infarctions, and 6 stroke/TIA) or had died, and the mean time to the first predefined event was 576 ± 423 days (median 524 days, range 1 1,659 days).
Predefined outcomes were: 1) ventilator days; 2) PICU LOS in days; 3) delta-PELOD: the drop in PELOD from day 1 to 3 of PICU admission, as an indicator of improvement in organ dysfunction(s); and 4) mortality by 1 y after the index sepsis admission.
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CEO of Professional Science Editing for Scientists @ prosciediting.com