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To evaluate a large-scale duplication hypothesis for MIR genes, we concentrated on the MIR genes found in S. lycopersicum and followed the procedure described by Maher et al. (2006): we used a custom designed Perl script to extract the ten closest protein-coding genes on either side of each miR482/2118 precursor location from the S. lycopersicum genome.
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There are 543 annotated miRNAs in the human genome mapped to 474 unique miRNA precursor locations.
Overall, a clear presence of epigenetic marks aligning with predicted precursor locations on genome is consistent with regulated expression during early differentiation.
The presence of clustered miRNA genes in our material were investigated by comparing precursor locations within contigs.
The subsequent comparison of miRNA precursor locations allowed us to map miRNA clusters in the salmon genome.
The comparison of precursor locations within the salmon genome revealed a large number of evolutionary conserved Salmo salar miRNA gene clusters.
Only 44 out of the 180 distinct conserved mature sequences (25%) corresponded to one single precursor located at one unique genome location while the others (75%) corresponded to precursors located in more than one genome location (either two identical precursors or slightly different ones matching identical mature miRNAs).
The sequences of mature miRNA, miRNA* and precursors, as well as the precursor genome location and secondary structure are available in Additional file 2: Table S2.
The genome locations of novel miRNA precursors were annotated by comparing the precursor position with the latest maize genome annotation (5b.60, www.maizesequence.org).org
As a result novel putative miRNAs have been identified along with their stem-looped precursors and location on the tomato ITAG2.4 genome.
The study revealed 263 precursors located in goat protein-coding genes, amongst which the location of 43 precursors was conserved between human, mouse and bovine, revealing potential new gene regulations in the goat mammary gland.
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