The talitrids used the sun compass, visual cues (landscape and sun visibility) to orient and the precision of orientation varied according to the tidal regime (rising or ebbing tides).
Care was taken to obtain long (≥10 cm) cores to improve the precision of orientation measurements.
Inhibitors of calcium channels and ionophores impair gravitaxis while caffeine, a blocker of the phosphodiesterase, enhances the precision of orientation.
Nevertheless, a low yield rate of high-quality molded parts is common due to problems associated with geometric precision, molecular orientation, and optical properties.
Errors in the horizontal (azimuth) and vertical (elevation) angles result from laser beam width and the precision in orientation measurements and follow a 2D normal distribution (red ellipse in Fig. 2).
The populations from more protected (either naturally or artificially) headland-bays showed a higher precision of orientation with respect to the shoreline direction than those from extended beaches, more subject to changes in longshore sedimentary transport as consequence of natural and human activities.
DNA nanotechnology allows the construction of arbitrarily shaped objects at the same length scale as protein complexes, which can be easily modified with organic molecules with nanometer precision, defined orientation, and fully controlled stoichiometry.
The mapping camera must have very high precision in interior orientation elements and the convergence angle between each camera.
T. saltator showed a lower precision in the orientation performance (with a bimodal distribution sea- and land-wards), with less dependence on the sun cues and higher dependence on climatic features.
The results presented here shed new light on the precision of phonotactic orientation in the field cricket Gryllus bimaculatus.
However, these mechanical alignment guides have shown clear limitations in terms of accuracy and precision of proper orientation of the hip prosthesis [ 11].
