Re-exposure of such mountains to nearby precipitation sources by plate adjustments may result in dramatic climate changes from arid to humid, so that perennial fluvial erosion is widely initiated on a relict arid, alluvial cover mass with resulting transverse drainage by superimposition.
Next, the synthesized assimilated precipitation was obtained by merging three precipitation sources (gauges, radars and satellites) according to their individual weighting factors optimized by nonlinear search methods.
Overall, the IMERG and 3B43V7 satellite precipitation products can be adopted as reliable precipitation sources for hydrological simulations at daily and sub-daily time scales in the study area, with IMERG better suited than 3B42V7.
Meter-scale variability in lake level since ca. AD 1930 is associated with precipitation sourced from the Western Indian Ocean with IOD variability, whereas the 15 m drop in water level in the early 20th century may reflect a profound decrease in moisture from Atlantic/Congo Basin source.
In this work, the efficiency of struvite precipitation from source separated human urine and struvite crystals size were analyzed using three different Mg2+ sources (MgCl2, Mg(OH 2 and MgO), individually evaluated using a statistical design of experiments to assess the combined effect of Mg2+ P molar ratio (1 1, 1.5 1 and 2 1) and stirring speed (30, 45 and 60 rpm).
Open image in new window Fig. 4 Precipitation (left) (data source: Department of Agriculture, Indonesia; Department of Public Works, Indonesia; University Gadjah Mada, Indonesia; KIT) and topographical data (right) (data source: METI/NASA: ASTER GDEM; KIT) of Gunung Kidul.
Precipitation is the source for almost all soil moisture available for plant extraction by crops that are grown in rainfed cropping systems.
The relationship between the stable isotopic (18O, D-excess) composition of precipitation with moisture source regions and prevailing synoptic scale weather systems was investigated.
We had shown earlier that this slow formation of NB/NLP in culture medium as a result of serum inoculation, generally taking several weeks to reach detectable precipitation, was the source of a large data scatter which may have resulted in the kind of spurious data associated with the controversial NB biology [2].
