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Substance-induced mental disorders are diagnosed according to DSM 5 when the characteristic symptoms of the disorder appear during or up to 1 month after the consumption of a substance, if there is no data to justify a primary disorder (i.e., symptoms preceding the use of the substance) (American Psychiatric Association 2013).
Adequate fluid loading preceding the use of high catecholamine doses should be a main subject of discussion in patients with severe septic shock.
Halliwell and Gutteridge [ 23] made a list of questions that generally should be answered preceding the use of an anti-oxidant in humans: (i) Is it non-toxic?
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That is, it precedes the use of other drugs and lowers one's resistance to the option of using harder drugs.
Cannabis is a gateway drug: Although cannabis use is likely to precede the use of 'harder' drugs for most people, this doesn't mean that cannabis causes their use.
However, these studies were self-report in design and/or preceded the use of newer psychotropic medications such as selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs).
Christie is entitled to his opinions on the legality of marijuana and the statutes in Washington and Colorado, and he is right that marijuana use "typically precedes" the use of other illegal drugs, as the Institute of Medicine report said.
If Christie's point is simply that the use of marijuana tends to precede the use of other drugs, then he is correct — but that's not the whole story.
And while Daniel's incarceration precedes the use of drones, he says inmates can easily sneak in prohibited goods by inserting them into body cavities, although "bringing in a phone and a charger gets a bit more complicated".
The use of antileukemic treatment and evaluation of its effectiveness should precede the use of erythropoiesis-stimulating agents.
To improve internal validity, previous levels of SEIM exposure need to be controlled for and the antecedents need to temporally precede the use of SEIM.
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