Frequent and lengthy power-cuts, unpunished violent crime, a precarious air link with Caracas and an almost non-existent internet service are among them.
Meanwhile, the globalization of financial services, and the often precarious financial links this creates among dozens of countries, makes the challenge much more complicated.
Researchers at McMaster University in Hamilton, Ontario, have demonstrated that there is a link between precarious work and increased anxiety, depression and emotional difficulty.
The link between precarious situations and substance abuse is also controversial [ 31, 34].
Lastly, in 2000, in a study conducted at 12 public centers for free medical check-ups, Royer et al. [ 5] examined the link between precarious situations and anxiety/depressive disorders.
It continues with a contention of whether part-time work as an atypical working arrangement is automatically linked to precarious working and living conditions.
Mugo says an important factor in this process was the popularizing of the phrase "water towers". It unlocked a recognition about the nation's precarious ecosystems and water supplies, and their link to forests.
The low socio-economic status of marginalized, disadvantaged, and precarious populations in urban settings has been linked to adverse health outcomes including chronic and infectious disease, negative health behaviours, barriers to accessing health care services, and overall mortality.
The two are linked by the bonde, a precarious but unforgettable tram that passes over Lapa's aqueduct, and by the stairs connecting the Convento de Santa Teresa to Rua Joaquim Silva in Lapa.
An increasing number of studies link economic uncertainty often in the form of unemployment and precarious labor market situations to the postponement of parenthood.
As the Guardian reports today, suicides amongst middle-aged men are on the increase, and Jane Powell, chief executive of Calm, the Campaign Against Living Miserably, links some of this increase with unemployment and precarious work.
