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The pre-consultation questionnaire ascertained routine demographic data and self-reported smoking status.
The average age of menarche in Egypt is 12.44 ± 1.3, and all study participants were pre-menstrual, as ascertained by asking the each mother about any prior menstrual cycles of her daughter [ 34].
As we don't have the data on incidence or prevalence of PE in Pakistan therefore the prevalence of various risk factors for pre-eclampsia was ascertained through literature search.
Baseline sCr was ascertained using pre-admission values (within 3 months of admission) or the lowest values within the initial 7 days of admission.
The predictors of the cumulative incidence of ESRD, accounting for the competing event of pre-ESRD death, were ascertained using a Fine and Gray model (11), which extends the Cox proportional hazards model to competing risk data by considering the subdistribution hazard.
A significant limitation of this study is that causality between the Avahan intervention and the increase in condom use by MSM observed after its roll-out cannot be ascertained in this pre- and post-intervention study design.
A significant limitation of this analysis is that causality between the Avahan program and the decrease in HIV positivity and the increase in condom use by FSWs observed after its roll-out cannot be ascertained in a pre and post study design.
Drivers who know that their pre-crash actions can be ascertained are likely to modify their habits.
In this multicenter study, pre-therapeutic GGT levels were ascertained in 634 consecutive patients with epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC, n=567) and borderline tumour of the ovary (BTO, n=67).
Informal payments at health facilities were not specifically captured because what constituted informal payment was difficult to ascertained during the pre-testing of the questionnaire.
We ascertained that the pre-treatment with 10 ng/mL TNF-α for 2 hours induced insulin resistance in both vascular cells as shown by the significant decreases in the phosphorylation of Akt, p70S6K and p44/42 in cells stimulated with 10 nmol/L insulin for 10 minutes.
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CEO of Professional Science Editing for Scientists @ prosciediting.com