The term health policy is used variably in the evidence-based decision-making literature to refer to broad political actions taken by governments and other decision makers to improve the health of populations (e.g., regionalization of care), as well as more specific clinical practice directives aimed at the population level (e.g., screening recommendations for breast cancer or other diseases).
For incidence estimates of varicella cases per season based on the paediatric practice surveillance the population at risk was assumed to be the resident paediatric population in Munich (City and surrounding districts) at 31st of December [ 25].
Therefore, in practice, detecting useful polymorphisms at the population level is difficult, due to the low substitution rates in plant chloroplast genomes.
Data represent current surgical practice at a population level since all hospitals participate in the DSCA and the percentage of eligible patients registered is over 90%%.
The literature contains several examples of situations in which clinical practice guidelines on breast cancer treatment contributed to an improvement in quality of care [ 6, 7, 11, 12], but very few of them included a comparison of clinical practice prior to the release of the guidelines [ 6], or examined this practice at a population level [ 7].
Although several studies have examined the different surgical and medical breast cancer treatments employed following the publication of clinical practice guidelines, to our knowledge few reports have included a comparison with clinical practice prior to guideline publication, and even fewer have examined the impact of guidelines in clinical practice at a population level [ 6, 7].
Unfortunately, few studies are available on changes in the management of SPN diagnosis that PET brings in real-life practice at a population level.
Disease-specific mortality is the most important outcome measure, and the main aim of this study was to examine whether the reduction in CRC mortality seen in the randomised controlled trials could be matched at the population level in practice.
In addition, incarcerated persons report more injection drug use and unsafe sexual practices than does the population at large (Glaser and Greifinger 1993).
Data at the population level on the use of PRT in routine practice is hard to find.
