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The Shannon entropy of a PPP pair PPP i is defined as x → where x i = H ( PPP i ) = − ∑ l = 1 d p (PPP i ( l )) log b p ( PPP i ( l ) ) (11).
When I started with PPP, I never thought I would still be doing it seven months later, or that I would care about it so much.
where PPP i (l) denotes the ith PPP pair that is separated by a topological distance l.
The outer circle, with a 70-m radius, represents the area where the users are deployed uniformly according to a PPP (i.e., taking a clustered approach).
When the nodes of a homogeneous BS deployment are distributed according to a PPP, i.e., they are assumed to be uniformly scattered over the infinite plane, and the fading is represented by i.i.d.i.d
Consequently, we need to determine if the BIONOF type of collaboration does, in its primary chain, qualify as PPP, especially if the first condition of PPP (i.e., 'publicness') is being met, as a matter of authoritative representation of the public energy interest by one or more parties involved.
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Generally speaking, UBA sees the need to discuss the extent to which the trend towards increasingly refined risk assessment for individual PPPs (i) is appropriate or is as a rule disadvantageous for the environment, (ii) causes unnecessary societal costs, and (iii) places excessive demands on the risk communication (see further below).
Despite theoretical debate, empirical analyses have thus far tended to focus on the contractual or project dimension, overlooking institutional PPPs, i.e., formal legal entities run by proper corporate-governance mechanisms and jointly owned by public and private parties for the provision of public-health goods.
For all our sakes please step back from the bizarre excesses of PPP - I know of no-one who votes Labour (and for that matter for any other political parties) that wants the tube or air traffic control privatised - even the Tories would balk at that.
It is shown that displacing the nodes of a homogeneous PPP by i.i.d.i.d
A candidate product shall not be authorised for a use for which an alternative chemical product or a non-chemical control method is available, if the following requirements are fulfilled (Article 50 in conjunction with Annex IV of the PPP Regulation): (i) Experience from practical use of the alternative is available.
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Since I tried Ludwig back in 2017, I have been constantly using it in both editing and translation. Ever since, I suggest it to my translators at ProSciEditing.

Justyna Jupowicz-Kozak
CEO of Professional Science Editing for Scientists @ prosciediting.com