These could arise from genuine differences in welfare, poor validity of indicators, low statistical power, publication bias, or inappropriate statistical analysis.
Although in recent years it has become evident that chance, limited power, publication bias and a variety of other factors can make this evidence less compelling than it otherwise would be [ 3, 4].
For sheer name-dropping power, few publications can compete with Angus McIndoe's Little Red Book.
According to Tess Gallagher, Lish refused by telephone to restore the earlier version, and if Carver understood nothing else, he understood that Lish held the "power of publication access".
Provide a validation activity (like Foursquare's badges) for the voter post-polling (think of this as a virtual "I Voted!" sticker, but with the power of publication and dissemination across the web).
Besides, numbers of included studies were relatively small, so the power for publication bias test was relatively low.
When statistically significant positive results were 10 times more likely to be included, the power of publication bias detection methods did not exceed 30% for any simulation setting.
Usually, lack of replication of association mapping methods is thought to be due to the presence of confounding factors such as population stratification, lack of statistical power or publication bias.
Michael Grade, former chairman of the BBC and chief executive of ITV and Channel 4, said: "I would be very suspicious of ex-ante powers of publication being given to a regulator or anyone.
Therefore, the majority of published G × E studies have suffered from lack of replication, low-power, a publication bias towards positive results and major methodological concerns (for a critical review see Duncan & Keller, 2011).
