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The two representation types (NJA and PCA) are thus complementary when analyzing the genetic relationships and potential parentage of hybrid genotypes.
Considering the probability of potential parentage mistakes in the original pedigree records, we adopted Cervus [ 33] to estimate the most possible parent-offspring pair with maximum likelihood method using 100 randomly chosen autosomal SNPs with 100% call rate.
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Thus, at difference with parentage inference programs, the general case treated also here does not admit all possible parentage combinations as valid pedigrees.
The present work confirms the potential of DNA-parentage assignment in shrimp for breeding design to improve growth, and opens the possibility of genetic improvement for increased n-3 fatty acids in shrimp.
Hodographs are presented of two real solute pairs of Type II isotherm parentage with potential for simultaneous condensation.
The high potential of microsatellites for parentage exclusion (Excl1 = 0.9999; Excl2 = 1) permitted us to trace back all offspring to single pairs of parents.
The same four pairs of Yakutian cryo-bank bulls were also identified as potential half-sibs in the parentage analysis performed using the pedigree reconstruction method among all individuals in the sample (Additional file 4).
In conclusion, the VWF2 is a highly polymorphic STR locus with potential application for forensic and parentage testing.
These identified microsatellites have the potential to be used in genetic mapping, parentage analysis, genotyping, gene flow, and in population genetics.
Potential errant genotypes were rescored, and when necessary parentage relationships excluded.
Reproductive success of founder males was quantified by assigning parentage to F2 offspring (distinguished from potential F3 descendants on the basis of their weight, sex and date of capture) and is described in detail elsewhere [ 43].
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