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Further research using analytic study methods, including case-control studies and cohort studies, are necessary to determine if an association truly exists and to better understand the potential for causation.
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The major drawback of these studies is the potential for reverse causation (i.e., diabetes or its early determinants causing low vitamin D status rather than vice versa).
We investigated the potential for reverse causation in two ways.
Yet, as Kundi stated in his abstract, his recommended dialogue approach to "the potential for disease causation" starts with epidemiology.
GI researchers have noted the potential for understanding causation through development and refinement of hypotheses using the ethnic variations model.
The causal directed acyclic graph shown in Figure 2 illustrates the potential for reverse causation (Hernan and Cole 2009).
However, a risk assessment, or any other model, that must depend on epidemiologic evidence to recognize the potential for disease causation represents a failure of environmental health science.
T2D cases diagnosed within the first year since urine sample collection were excluded from selection in order to reduce the potential for reverse causation bias.
Equally, it is crucial that primary care services are alerted to the potential for occupational causation or exacerbation of skin disease.
We disregarded drugs dispensed within one year prior to the index date to exclude potential drug use related to brain tumour symptoms, in order to minimise the potential for reverse causation bias (Csizmadl et al, 2007).
The rationale behind this exclusion is that women with the diagnosis of GDM may undergo therapy for glucose control that includes physical activity recommendations; thus, there is a potential for reverse causation (13, 14).
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CEO of Professional Science Editing for Scientists @ prosciediting.com