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Fetal conditions may also have consequences on postnatal height.
Other studies, however, do not support the finding of long-term effects of prenatal exposure to tobacco on postnatal height [ 12- 14].
We used generalized estimating equations (Liang and Zeger 1986; Zeger and Liang 1986) to estimate regression parameters, which modeled the overall association between PCB exposure during pregnancy and postnatal height and weight, accounting for within-subject correlation.
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Follow-up data on weight were used to study the effect of early postnatal growth on height at 10 years and to assess BMI.
Postnatal growth retardation (height < 5th centile), microcephaly (head circumstance < 5th centile), feeding difficulties, muscular hypotonia, and delayed motor and mental development were also noted.
In our study, age points when postnatal weight and height data were obtained were not established a priori but determined by the available data.
This information comprised breastfeeding, postnatal body weight, height, and head circumference within 1-6 months postpartum, types of stimulation used for infant development such as music, physical massage and environmental factors, and vaccination records and health-related information.
The association of blood lead levels (pre- and postnatal) with child height has been more consistent than with weight (Andrews et al. 1994; Ong 2006; Peterson et al. 2004), although inferences from some studies have been limited by their cross-sectional design (Ballew et al. 1999; Frisancho and Ryan 1991; Kafourou et al. 1997; Schwartz et al. 1986).
* median percentile: 23 (16 children < P25) † median percentile: 14 (12 children < P25) To examine the effect of early postnatal growth on height at 10 years we looked at the average increase in weight during the first three months, approximately 3500 grams, and used this as a cut-off point defining two subgroups (fast and slow initial growth rate).
Diagnosis of SRS includes: low birth weight and height, poor postnatal growth, skeletal asymmetry, triangular facial features and distinct head shape [1].
Several prenatal and postnatal factors influence childhood height.
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