Sentence examples for posterior fate from inspiring English sources
Specifically, high levels of WNT signaling instructed NP cells to adopt a posterior fate, consistent with WNT's role in posterior patterning during development.
Recently, it has been proposed that the Hedgehog (Hh) pathway acts upstream of Wnt/β-catenin signalling in controlling posterior fate specification (Rink et al., 2009; Yazawa et al., 2009).
Upon ectopic expression of Abd-B.r we observed no obvious transformation of an anterior PS into posterior fate, regarding total NB number, inhibition of NB7-3 formation or frequent change of NB6-4 identity.
Here, there are two plausible explanations; either hox genes have a more posterior fate in the notochord, or the posterior end of the notochord represents its own patterning unit.
Also affected in lin-39 mutant males are P(7 8).aapp (CP 5, 6), which take on a more posterior fate, as judged by the loss of serotonin staining in CP5 and CP6 [ 60].
In lin-39 mutant males, CP neurons 1 4 die or are necrotic, while CP neurons 5 and 6 take on a more posterior fate, and lin-39 mutant males have a turning defect similar to that of males in which the CP neurons have been ablated [ 8, 32- 34].
Evidence indicates that early neural plate cells are transformed into more posterior fates by a gradient of Wnt activity that is lowest at the anterior end of the neuraxis, and highest posteriorly [16], [17], [18], [19], [23], [24].
In contrast, cells receiving Wg signal accumulate cytoplasmic and nuclear βcat, choose posterior fates, and secrete naked cuticle.
However, exposure to Chiron after 2 days in N2B27 elicits the expression of thoracic Hox genes in the absence of anterior ones (Fig. 1C), indicating that β-catenin promotes the development of posterior fates in mESCs.
Maternal/zygotic APC2 APC1 mutants cannot destroy βcat and thus all cells accumulate extremely high levels of βcat, resulting in a smaller embryo in which all surviving cells choose posterior fates and secrete naked cuticle.
Her insights helped our understanding of how anterior-posterior fates were acquired in mammalian embryos.
