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In addition, there was a material-dependent topographical preference within this network, with predominantly anterior activation during musical tasks and predominantly posterior activation during semantic verbal tasks.
The block design provides strong posterior activation, likely related more to visual scene processing, whereas the event-related design provides more anterior hippocampal activation with the encoding of novel scenes.
Specifically, older adults' frequency effects were related to activation in both anterior (Brodmann's area [BA] 37) and posterior (BAs 17 and 18) regions of the occipito-temporal pathway, whereas word length effects were only associated with posterior activation (BA 17).
Deaf adults who acquired sign language at an early age showed more left anterior neural activation to grammatical judgments than late learners, who showed more posterior activation (Mayberry, Chen, Witcher, & Klein, 2011).
Moreover, more posterior activation to signed and verbal languages also characterizes individuals who are younger, have later age of acquisition, and/or are less fluent (Brown et al., 2005; Meyer et al., 2006; Schlaggar et al., 2002).
In the most posterior section of M1, the posterior activation site in the medial bank is visible.
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Our results also suggest that the posterior – and not solely the anterior – parahippocampal cortex (PHC), most likely corresponding to the Parahippocampal place area (PPA), is involved in processing contextual associations22,24,30,31,32,76,77, in line with a previous study which also found posterior activations in response to incongruent scenes24.
Activation is mediated by the level of abstractness of the set switch in an anterior to posterior fashion within the PFC, with the most anterior activations elicited by set switches and the most posterior activations resulting from stimulus or perceptual switches.
Note that a somewhat similar division has been made by Tomasino et al. in their meta-analysis comparing Buddhist practices (defined similarly to FA) with Hinduist practices (defined similarly to OM), which showed anterior activations for the former and posterior activations for the latter [ 57].
In addition, visual inspection of the other activations found in Microstate 4 revealed also a clear right inferior parietal and posterior temporal activation, and a bilateral activation of the frontal lobes.
However, perceiving personally familiar faces when contrasted with famous faces is associated with greater anterior and posterior cingulate activation as well as greater activation in other brain regions [4].
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