post hoc test

USAGE SUMMARY

'post hoc test' is a correct and usable phrase in written English.
It is used to refer to a statistical test used to test whether there is a significant difference between the outcomes of two groups after controlling for relevant variables. For example, an experimenter might use a post hoc test to determine whether there is a difference in students' test scores before and after taking a math class.

✓ Grammatically correct

Science

Human-verified examples from authoritative sources

Exact Expressions

36 human-written examples

(2-way ANOVA with Bonferroni post hoc test).

Nature

(1-way ANOVA with Bonferroni post hoc test).

Nature

(**p < 0.01) (2-way ANOVA with Bonferroni post hoc test).

Nature

Tukey's post hoc test was used when required.

Nature

*Significance P<0.05 according to a Tukey post hoc test.

Nature

Repeated measurements ANOVA was followed by Tukey post hoc test.

Nature

Human-verified similar examples from authoritative sources

Similar Expressions

24 human-written examples

Statistics are two-way ANOVA with Tukey's post-hoc test.

Nature

Student's t test, 1-way ANOVA (Bonferroni post-hoc test) or 2-way ANOVA (Bonferroni post-hoc test) were used where appropriate.

Nature

Subsequent comparisons were performed using Tukey's post-hoc test.

AMB Express

The Newman-Keuls Post-hoc test was used whenever necessary.

Plosone

Bonferroni's post-hoc test was used for further comparisons.

Plosone

Expert writing Tips

Best practice

When reporting results from a "post hoc test", specify the specific test used (e.g., Tukey's HSD, Bonferroni, Scheffé) to ensure clarity and reproducibility.

Common error

Avoid using "post hoc tests" when you have specific, pre-planned comparisons in mind before data analysis. Planned comparisons should be analyzed with different statistical methods.

Linguistic Context

The phrase "post hoc test" functions as a noun phrase that identifies a specific type of statistical test used in data analysis. Ludwig AI confirms its usage primarily in scientific and research contexts, as evidenced by the numerous examples provided.

Expression frequency: Very common

Frequent in

Science

100%

Less common in

News & Media

0%

Formal & Business

0%

Academia

0%

Ludwig's WRAP-UP

In summary, "post hoc test" is a grammatically correct and very common noun phrase used predominantly within scientific and research contexts. According to Ludwig AI, it identifies a specific type of statistical test performed after an initial analysis to pinpoint significant group differences. Due to its precision and association with scientific publications, its register is formal and scientific. When using this phrase, specifying the exact test employed (e.g., Tukey's HSD, Bonferroni) is recommended for clarity. It's also important to avoid confusing "post hoc tests" with planned comparisons. The consistent usage across reputable scientific sources reinforces its authoritative status within the field.

More alternative expressions

Phrases that express similar concepts, ordered by semantic similarity:

Post-test analysis

Replaces 'hoc' with 'test', focusing on the analysis performed after the initial test.

Follow-up test

Emphasizes the sequential nature of the test as a follow-up to a previous analysis.

Subsequent analysis

Highlights that the analysis occurs after a primary analysis, using a different term.

Pairwise comparison test

Specifies the type of comparison made, focusing on comparing pairs of groups.

Multiple comparison procedure

Broader term describing methods used to control for Type I error in multiple comparisons.

Analysis of variance follow-up

Indicates that the test is a direct follow-up to an ANOVA.

Further statistical testing

General term indicating more testing is done after an initial analysis.

Bonferroni correction

Names a specific method used for post hoc analysis, the Bonferroni correction.

Tukey's HSD test

Names a specific method used for post hoc analysis, Tukey's Honest Significant Difference test.

Scheffé's method

Names a specific method used for post hoc analysis, the Scheffé test.

FAQs

What is a "post hoc test" and when should I use it?

A "post hoc test" is a statistical test performed after you've found a statistically significant result in an analysis of variance (ANOVA). It helps determine which specific groups differed significantly from each other. Use it when you didn't have specific hypotheses about group differences before conducting the ANOVA.

How do I choose the right "post hoc test"?

The choice of "post hoc test" depends on several factors, including sample size, the homogeneity of variance, and the desired level of stringency. Common options include Tukey's HSD, Bonferroni, Scheffé, and Dunnett's tests. Consult a statistician to determine the most appropriate test for your data.

What are some alternatives to using a "post hoc test"?

If you have specific hypotheses about group differences before conducting your analysis, consider using planned comparisons instead of a "post hoc test". Planned comparisons are more powerful than "post hoc tests" when your hypotheses are correct.

How do I report the results of a "post hoc test" in a research paper?

When reporting the results, be sure to specify which "post hoc test" you used (e.g., Tukey's HSD). Report the test statistic, p-value, and effect size (if applicable) for each pairwise comparison. Also, clearly indicate which groups differed significantly from each other.