post hoc analyses

USAGE SUMMARY

"post hoc analyses" is correct and usable in written English.
It is used to refer to analyses that are conducted after the data has been collected and the study has already been completed. Example: The researchers conducted post hoc analyses to further explore the unexpected results found in their initial study.

✓ Grammatically correct

Science

Academia

Human-verified examples from authoritative sources

Exact Expressions

43 human-written examples

Post hoc analyses confirmed the presence of perceptual learning during sleep.

Nature

The post hoc analyses did not detect any differences in response latencies between the experimental groups.

Nature

Post hoc analyses were performed on ambulatory ECGs collected from the POSEIDON and TAC-HFT trials.

Stanford University

Selected parameters are evaluated by age quartile using post hoc analyses.

Harvard University

Post hoc analyses provide non-trivial managerial implications for the decision makers at the firm level.

Research Policy

* P < 0.05 compared to currents with Ca2+ and Ca2+ + ATP, respectively, using one-way ANOVA and Bonferroni post hoc analyses.

Nature

Human-verified similar examples from authoritative sources

Similar Expressions

17 human-written examples

Post-hoc analyses also demonstrated an association with administration order.

Brain, Behavior, and Immunity

When any significant differences existed among the three groups, the Tukey HSD post-hoc analyses were performed.

Nature

The Bonferroni test was used for post-hoc analyses.

The Journal of Headache and Pain

Reduced p-value < 0.008 was used for post-hoc analyses.

Insights into Imaging

When appropriate, post-hoc analyses were carried out.

The Journal of Headache and Pain

Expert writing Tips

Best practice

Always justify the need for "post hoc analyses" by explaining the initial findings that warranted further investigation.

Common error

Avoid overstating the significance of "post hoc analyses". These analyses are exploratory and should primarily be used for hypothesis generation, not definitive conclusions.

Linguistic Context

The phrase "post hoc analyses" functions as a noun phrase, typically used to describe a set of statistical tests performed after an initial analysis (such as ANOVA) has revealed a significant overall effect. It qualifies the type of statistical procedures conducted, as demonstrated in Ludwig's examples.

Expression frequency: Common

Frequent in

Science

68%

Academia

24%

Formal & Business

8%

Less common in

News & Media

0%

Encyclopedias

0%

Wiki

0%

Ludwig's WRAP-UP

In summary, "post hoc analyses" refers to statistical tests conducted after an initial analysis reveals a significant overall effect, primarily used to pinpoint specific group differences. As Ludwig AI confirms, the phrase is grammatically correct and commonly found in scientific and academic contexts. When using "post hoc analyses", clearly specify the tests used and avoid overstating their significance. Consider using alternatives like "follow-up analyses" or "subsequent analyses" for variety. Be aware of the risk of Type I errors and apply appropriate corrections when interpreting results.

More alternative expressions

Phrases that express similar concepts, ordered by semantic similarity:

follow-up analyses

Refers to additional analyses performed after the initial analysis.

subsequent analyses

Indicates analyses carried out after a primary analysis.

additional analyses

Highlights that extra analyses were conducted, subsequent to the primary investigation.

secondary analyses

Emphasizes the supplementary nature of the analyses in relation to a main analysis.

exploratory analyses

Suggests the analyses were performed to explore the data further, after initial findings.

further examinations

Denotes deeper investigations performed on the data.

retrospective analyses

Signifies analyses done with a backward-looking perspective, after the study's completion.

post-experimental evaluations

Highlights evaluations conducted after an experiment.

after-the-fact investigations

Emphasizes that the investigations occurred after the main event.

unplanned analyses

Indicates that the analyses were not part of the original study design.

FAQs

When should I use "post hoc analyses"?

"Post hoc analyses" are appropriate after you've conducted an ANOVA or similar test and found a statistically significant overall effect. They help determine which specific groups differed significantly from each other.

What are some common types of "post hoc analyses"?

Common types include Tukey's HSD, Bonferroni correction, Scheffé test, and Newman-Keuls test. The choice depends on the specific research question and the desired level of stringency in controlling for Type I error.

How do "post hoc analyses" differ from planned comparisons?

Planned comparisons (also known as a priori comparisons) are decided before examining the data, based on specific hypotheses. "Post hoc analyses" are conducted after seeing the data, to explore unexpected findings or identify specific group differences.

What are the limitations of "post hoc analyses"?

"Post hoc analyses" are more prone to Type I errors (false positives) because they involve multiple comparisons. It's crucial to apply appropriate corrections (e.g., Bonferroni) to control for this increased risk.