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Suppose we are asked to guess whether a word 'watch' occurs in positive text or not.
The decision came after an overwhelmingly positive text message poll from the club's supporters to use the Bradford End of the ground.
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Intuitively, a word that has uneven distribution over classes should obtain higher weights, e.g., words like 'great' are more likely to appear in positive texts than negative texts.
If a word occurs twice in positive texts and once in negative texts, we cannot reject the hypothesis that the word has even distribution over classes with reasonable significance levels.
We note that all the results presented here were qualitatively similar when we performed analyses without this last step or when we used a different approach to eliminate potential false positives (Text S1).
Similar to the previous evaluation of 2000 connections, approximately one-half of these connections are false-positive text mining errors (52.1% precision).
I really liked the way authors dealt with "validating false positives" (text and table S5). Figure S1 - last part of panel is almost illegible.
Learners' emotional state was not affected by a positive emotional text design, but participants in the group with the negative emotional text design showed a worse emotional state after learning.
Our results indicate that climatic change is already having a detectable continent-wide effect at the level of a large species assemblage, including evidence of negative as well as positive effects (Text S3).
The positive free-text responses to our intervention indicated that simulation teaching increased student enjoyment as well as confidence.
There were also positive free-text comments about the ability of the assessments to provide a basis for feedback, although many also found them to be time consuming and a considerable administrative workload.
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Since I tried Ludwig back in 2017, I have been constantly using it in both editing and translation. Ever since, I suggest it to my translators at ProSciEditing.

Justyna Jupowicz-Kozak
CEO of Professional Science Editing for Scientists @ prosciediting.com