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After we hung up, I found myself thinking about what neurologists call "positive expectancy" and what the phrenologists called hope.
The method provides increasingly realistic pre-exposure to stress through training simulation; through successive approximations, the learner builds a sense of positive expectancy and outcome and a greater sense of mastery and confidence.
Only trades with a positive expectancy are taken.
The surprise of seeing a smiley face in buttoned-up business correspondence can create a "positive expectancy violation" -- an act that defies our predictions, but in a way that intrigues or delights us.
+ indicates a positive expectancy for this criteria in a particular test category, based on acquired results or analysis of the test construction.
Treatment expectancy to assess potential moderating effects of positive expectancy was measured through the Treatment Rationale Scale [ 54- 56], which participants completed after the first and final sessions (weeks 2 and 8).
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The highest predictive weight belongs to positive expectancies associated to the effects of alcohol, followed by alcohol use among friends, low risk perception, and self-control of alcohol drinking as a protective factor.
A higher score will reflect more positive expectancies.
A few acupuncture studies have reported that patients who have more positive expectancies have better outcomes.
Within individuals, reductions in disability were associated with increasingly positive expectancies (β=−0.38, SE=0.06, P<0.01).
Between individuals, people who had lower levels of disability had more positive expectancies (β=−0.43, SE=0.09, P<0.01).
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CEO of Professional Science Editing for Scientists @ prosciediting.com