A positive discount rate in the economy implies that every generation prefers more consumption to the amenity acquired from a reduction in CO2 emissions.
bOlson and Bailey [33] also illustrate that most analyses of intertemporal choice assumed both diminishing marginal utility (i.e., a concave instantaneous utility function U(C t )) and positive time preference (i.e., a positive discount rate δ).
In our model the finite decay term which originated from Vidale and Wolfe (1957) and the positive discount rate can be adjusted to capture how important the present is with respect to the future.
Universal HPV immunization could result in incremental positive net discounted taxes of €61 million for the German government.
After taking into consideration the governmental transfers, universal HPV vaccination in Germany could result in incremental positive net discounted taxes (i.e. tax revenue-transfers) from €62 million for the German government.
For example, some expressed views that suggested a tendency to trust positive outcomes/feedback while discounting negative ones, thereby potentially increasing confidence by not accounting for the fact that positive outcomes can arise by chance just as readily as can negative outcomes.
"Traders are now discounting positive management rhetoric regarding a 'turnaround plan'.
A 2010 study commissioned by the European Commission found that emission reduction effects of first-generation biofuels are positive, even after discounting indirect land use change effects, particularly the "more emission-efficient" sugarcane ethanol from Brazil, which would have to be imported to assure the environmental viability of the EU's biofuels mandate.
Some analysts are already discounting any positive remarks Otellini might make.
Behaviors like excessive criticism, discounting the positives and focusing on the negative aspects of the situation, passive aggressive behaviors, blaming others, and worrying about the future, instead of enjoying life, can often be signs of withholding anger.
A positive incremental net discounted tax signifies that the government has a benefit from vaccination after taking into account the additional transfer costs associated with increased survival.
