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Each ( {P}_j^G ) in the dictionary consists of the skeleton pose parameters and the associated LMA feature vector.
Firstly we use the invariant constraints on the angle and distance between the two short 1D bars to give a rough estimation on the relative pose parameters of the two cameras, then we use more restrictions on the invariant distances between light spots on the two 1D bars respectively to refine the estimation on both the relative pose parameters and the structure parameter of the targets.
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They derived a 3D facial shape by alternating the pose parameter and the shape parameter until the shape residual error converged.
The experiment results show that the proposed method is fast and accurate, and it satisfies the requirement of online, flexible, fast, and high-precision measurement of weld studs' pose parameters in automobile and other manufacturing industries.
The pose parameters include translational and rotational parameters defining the full coordinate transformation between the F/T sensors.
Wang et al. [20] proposed an automatic framework for 3D face reconstruction on the basis of an arbitrary view image and estimated the shape and pose parameters using an expectation-maximization (EM) algorithm.
By conditioning the optimization algorithm using simple image features, the estimation error had small dispersion (interquartile range within 0.5 and 0.025 mm/deg for out-of-plane and in-plane pose parameters, resp ., but with occasional bias and outliers.
Square targets are identified and pose parameters are computed using a hybrid approach based on a direct method combined with the Kalman filter.
The optimal shape and pose parameters β, R θ, T are obtained from (2): arg min β, R θ, T P R θ S ˜ + T ˜ − s ˜ 2 d 2 (2).
The optimal shape and pose parameters (β,R θ,T) are obtained from E_{r}=left | P(R_{theta }S_{3D}+T -S_{2D} right |^{2}.
The second method, called Direct method simultaneously determines the shape and pose parameters of the objects as well as the registration parameters.
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Justyna Jupowicz-Kozak
CEO of Professional Science Editing for Scientists @ prosciediting.com