Three weeks after the controversy erupted, in an interview with the New Art Examiner, Nelson explained that the portrait referenced an existing photograph of Washington holding a cigarette prop at an American Cancer Society event.
Danja Vasiliev and Sofia Mavzalevskaya's portrait from 2003 is hidden within an interface, while Joseph De Lappe's self-portrait references the original dog cartoon and includes his name in the joke between the two computer mice.
In the case of Picasso, he had been exploring ancient art in modernist works as early as his 1906 self-portrait referencing an Iberian bas-relief sculpture, Man Attacked by a Lion.
Over the years, Americans have added to Hawthorne's unfriendly portrait with references to witch-hunting and harsh treatment of Native Americans.
"The final head was painted and textured with glass eyes and a wig, using the portraits as reference, to create a realistic and regal appearance," she added.
Others of interest in this collection are Susan Siegel, a vegetarian who repositions animals in Victorian wedding gear at a solemn garden party, and Jessicka Addams, who could be related to the real Addams Family and creates self-portraits that reference near death personal experiences with a witty, macabre slant.
The painting by Maggie Sutherland, titled "Emperor Haute Couture," is hanging this month in an Ontario public library, according to The Toronto Sun, which features a lighthearted video about the portrait and its reference to Tim Hortons, the Canadian coffee chain.
Greenberg even refers to fiction-writing Fred as having posed for a provocative book-jacket portrait -- a reference to the supine pose the 23-year-old Capote struck for Harold Halma's attention-getting Other Voices, Other Rooms photograph.
Faces are inchoate, bodies phantomlike, but subtle references to portraits by Sargent, Manet and Velázquez keep you guessing.
She titled her portrait study "(a Bonac," a reference to the people who first settled near Accabonac Harbor in the Springs area of East Hampton in the 1600s (their descendants are known as Bonackers, or Bubs, a subculture that is dwindling as the fishing trade diminishes).
He argues that Plath understood the way high art and popular culture were converging, and her hunger for an audience moved her to perform on all levels of culture at once.It is an interesting conceit, but in practice it means Mr Rollyson blurs his portrait with needless pop-culture references.
