Sentence examples for population substitutions from inspiring English sources

The evolutionary significance of HGT-acquired "out of population" substitutions was assessed by quantification relative to the "within population" substitutions for each sampled genome since the last common ancestor of the haloarchaea.

In some regions such as Eastern Europe, significant increases in polyunsaturated fat and reciprocal declines in saturated fat intake were identified between 1990 and 2010, demonstrating feasibility of such broad population substitutions to reduce coronary heart disease risk.

These amino acid changes, referred to hereafter as "out of population" substitutions, erase those in the recipient's gene that have evolved since divergence from the donor lineage (d1 + d2 in fig. 1 A).

In the absence of HGT, the substitutions per site from the root to each tip of the ribosomal protein phylogeny would represent the total fixed mutations originating in the same population, referred to hereafter as "within population" substitutions.

We could thus speculate that all the "out of population" substitutions delivered by HGT are in fact nearly neutral and do not contribute to the adaptive evolution of members of a population.

This mixture of donors providing the "out of population" substitutions may augment the contribution to the adaptive evolution of any one lineage beyond what the proportions listed in table 2 imply (Omelchenko et al. 2003).

He also said the French had suffered a "population substitution" over the last 40 years in certain regions.

In summary, among the study population, substitution of two in-office visits during the 9-month follow-up period by remote monitoring accounted for a savings of 21 468€ (41%) in the total cost (Table  2 ).

Predicting functional change in proteins based upon either mutations segregating in a population or substitutions fixed between populations is a fundamental goal in modern computational genomics.

Because deleterious mutations have a vanishingly small probability of becoming fixed in a population, most substitutions (i.e., fixed mutations) would be neutral.

Before the authors can make a clear distinction between mutations (instantaneous products of mutagenesis), polymorphisms (segregating alleles in a population) and substitutions (sequence differences between homologs in different species or strains) and make it clear to the reader what kind of data they are using the manuscript will remain fatally flawed.