Forty-one flowers from eight specimens of the Pliezhausen (Pl) population did not produce any capsules after intra-population crossings.
In inter-population crosses, priority was given to crossings of neighboring populations and only surplus flowers were used to cross geographically distant populations to check if these belong to the same crossing group.
Populations were assigned to crossing groups when crossings between populations did not produce seeds (dashed lines; Figure 2) but did so when crossed with populations from other crossing groups (solid line; Figure 2).
A single centaur contains more mass than the entire population of Earth-crossing asteroids discovered to date, they write.
To identify the mutated genes in MommeD12 and MommeD38, we generated a G2 mapping population by back-crossing MommeD12 or MommeD38 mice to Line3C, a C57BL/6J congenic mouse strain homozygous for the GFP transgene.
AILs are generated by randomly and sequentially inter-crossing a population initially originating from a cross between two inbred lines (Darvasi and Soller 1995); however, in our case multiple parents are used.
In the case of the MAGIC plus population the 8-way crosses derived during the development of the indica MAGIC population underwent two extra-rounds of inter-crossing prior to selfing.
A typology of pedestrian fatalities in Israel was built for the years 2003 2006; it demonstrated a high share of accidents at these locations: in Jewish or mixed-population towns not at pedestrian crossings on urban street sections, and both at pedestrian crossings and not at pedestrian crossings at urban junctions; in Arab towns; and on dual-carriageway rural roads.
The reasoning is that the asymmetric dependence of the endophyte and the host grass may lead to (1) host plant sanctions against less beneficial fungal strains in prevailing selective pressures and (2) the loss of the vertically transmitted fungus, which is continually confronted with new genetic combinations in the out-crossing host population.
Individual gel bands corresponding to the linear form (L), the unknotted circle (C), and to individual knot populations from 3too 8 crossings were now discernible.
Thus, a distinct genetic structure could persist for a very long time in isolated populations of out-crossing perennial species where there is negligible recruitment by seed (Gustafson et al. 2001).
