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The general behaviour was different for the alcohols to that of the hydrocarbons, with ethanol exhibiting the effect of its high latent heat on the signals and butanol exhibiting effects related to poor atomization and slow evaporation.
A major reason for this tendency is the higher density and viscosity of biodiesel in comparison to diesel fuel which results in poor atomization and leads to lower combustion efficiency especially at higher torques.
Other secondary reasons are poor atomization and the formation of mixtures with biodiesel blends because of their higher density and kinematic viscosity compared to their values with diesel fuel.
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The higher viscosity results in poor fuel atomization in modern diesel engines, leading to problems derived from incomplete combustion such as carbon deposition and coking [ 33].
On the other hand, lower atomization temperatures resulted in poorer limits of detection, due to the longer integration time needed.
Results show a unique thermal and solute profile on the deposit surface, resulting from the mixing of rapidly solidified metal formed during atomization and the solute-poor liquid formed by addition of the liquid of alloy composition, which contributes mainly to the microstructural evolution during spray forming.
The sample to be examined was evaporated in an atomization apparatus and transformed into atomic condition.
Copper content was measured using air-acetylene flame atomization in a contrAA 700 atomic absorption spectrometer (Analytik Jena, Germany).
A TSI constant output atomizer (model 3076) was used for atomization of aqueous solutions.
Atomization is the conversion of volatilized analytes into free atom.
Atomization – the compounds making up the sample are broken into free atoms.
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