To assess the variation in theta values introduced by pool construction, independently constructed pools consisting the same DNA extracts were run on same array (pool construction replicates, as in Earp et al. [ 23]) (Table 1).
This is relevant to determining how best to design a pool-based GWAS and how to allocate resources, for example, replicate arrays can be used to reduce array variance and/or pools can be constructed in replicate to control pool construction variance.
When two DNA pools (a, b) are constructed from identical samples (i.e replicate pool construction), var (p ˜ a 1 - p ˜ b 2 ) = 2 var (e a r r a y ) + 2 var (e c o n s t r u c t i o n ) where var(e construction) is the variance in the pool construction errors, which are assumed to be constant for all SNPs.
The National Spa and Pool Institute, a trade organization in Alexandria, Va., reports a 5percentto6percentcent year-over-year increase in pool construction since 1998.
A law enforcement official involved in the investigation said it was unlikely that the company's reported profits could have come from pool construction.
In a series of raids last month, investigators served search warrants on an Italian restaurant run by Mrs. Gravano and a swimming pool construction business run by Mr. Gravano.
Nationwide, the pool construction business is growing steadily, at about 5percentt a year, according to Suzanne Barrows, a spokeswoman for National Spa and Pool Institute, an Alexandria, Va.-based trade association of 5,200 businesses involved in the industry.
A video at SculptureCenter, "Art in the Public Eye: The Making of Dark Star Park, 1979-1988," illuminathe the complex negotiations (with real-estate developers, architects, public officials and a swimming pool construction company) behind Ms. Holt's triangular field of gunite spheres.
The name pretty much says it all: Hackl Pool Construction.
Perez de la Mesa estimates that new pool construction is down 15% to 20%, so far in 2007.
