The phylogeny's tips correspond to individual cells, and color indicates the pool of origin.
In addition to being antimicrobial agent producers, the commensal bacteria of mammals, particularly those in the gut, also represent a pool of origin for resistance genes.
To assess reproducibility of amplicon coverage, the representation of each amplicon across the 54 libraries was determined, after normalizing the total number of reads for an amplicon based on its pool of origin.
To ensure their survival, these organisms have developed self-protection mechanisms similar to those found in resistant human pathogens (7 ); this observation led to the idea that the producers constitute the pool of origin of certain resistance genes (8 ).
However, additional mutations, activation of inflammatory pathways or changes in the microenvironment were able to increase the pool of cell of origin to non-stem cells.
The likelihood of such few events to take place would, logically, be more proportional to the pool of cells of origin than for tumors requiring a larger sequence of genetic hits (e.g. 11q deleted tumors), hence explaining the early in life appearance of MNA tumors.
Northern blot of radioactive-labelled full-length PDXP against RNA pools of different origins revealed that the molecular weight of the messenger RNA was about 2 kb (Jang et al, 2003).
This concept is tightly linked to two key conjectures on evolution of cells: existence of a complex, precellular, compartmentalized but extensively mixing and recombining pool of genes, and origin of the eukaryotic cell by archaeo-bacterial fusion.
In our hands though, remarkable variations were observed in profiles and actual concentration levels between plasma pools of different origin, sample handling, and storage (data not shown).
For FGF-R1 it was shown that soluble cytoplasmic and nuclear forms and, on the other hand, plasma membrane receptors represent separated pools of different origin and with distinct functions.
