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He pointed out that the pool of countries taking the math and science exams included many developing countries, and that several industrialized nations, including France, Germany and Denmark, did not participate.
Imagine, Horiuchi explained to me, that we could take a pool of countries similar to Israel in various respects exports as a percentage of G.D.P., urban population, mortality rates, consumption, government expenditure as a percentage of G.D.P., and so on and then use that pool call it a "donor pool"— to create a "synthetic Israel" that we could track alongside the real one.
Imagine, Horiuchi explained to me, that we could take a pool of countries similar to Israel in various respects — exports as a percentage of G.D.P., urban population, mortality rates, consumption, government expenditure as a percentage of G.D.P., and so on — and then use that pool — call it a "donor pool" — to create a "synthetic Israel" that we could track alongside the real one.
We could also calculate the average of these variables and then standardize it with respect to the mean and standard deviation of the pool of countries.
Then, we standardize this dummy with respect to the mean and standard deviation of the pool of countries (as for the rest of the variables).21 Results are available in the "Online Appendix".
To simplify the interpretation, PIAAC scores as well as all our measures for non-cognitive skills are standardized to have a zero mean and a standard deviation equal to one with respect to the pool of countries that we use in our estimations.
Similar(48)
Nor are the structural flaws in the eurozone anywhere near fixed: a course of steroids has been administered to banks by the European Central Bank; there is a little more pooling of countries' resources for bailouts; but the economic and political union widely seen as necessary to put monetary union on unbreakable foundations remains elusive.
There are new variables at play this time, like an expanded pool of launch countries that includes Hong Kong, always a popular destination for grey market resellers.
We can also confirm that the UK and Canada have the app, so it's likely available now to that small pool of initial countries.
With respect to the structure of the education system, Austria Viennaandnd Linz) and Sweden Stockholmm) have been selected from the pool of available countries.
Streaming TV requires that users have the Xbox One Digital TV Tuner, which was announced last week and will initially be available to a limited pool of launch countries, including the UK and France beginning soon and ahead of the full-scale launch in October.
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Justyna Jupowicz-Kozak
CEO of Professional Science Editing for Scientists @ prosciediting.com