Parole officers equipped with the polygraph devices will ask questions to determine whether the offenders violated conditions of parole.
And take a look at the Voight-Kampff Machine, a polygraph-like device used to test individuals to see if they're replicants or not.
The church teaches that spiritual freedom — the state of "clear" — can be reached through one-on-one auditing, a form of counseling aided by a polygraph-like device called an e-meter and expensive training courses.
One such device is the Keeler Polygraph, developed by Leonarde Keeler A lie-detecting specialist at Fordham, the late Walter G. Summers, relied exclusively on the measurement of a subject's electrical conductivity.
Thus defeated by the high court in criminal trials, and with businesses restrained by Congress from using the intimidating device to screen employees, the "polygraph community," as the sweat-merchant lobby calls itself, made its last stand by claiming the ability of its testers to root out spies.
About 15 years ago, Dr. Stephen Fienberg chaired a committee charged by Congress to examine the polygraph's validity as a lie-detecting device.
The Probation Department is also using a battery of new tools -- including polygraph tests, forensic computer software and global monitoring devices -- to keep tabs on where a sex offender is, what he is doing and whether he is telling the truth about it.
The device, often compared in the press to a polygraph, measures the bodily changes in electrical resistance that occur when a person answers questions posed by an auditor.
But its precursors — movable-type presses, windup text-producing automata, prosthetic writing devices for the disabled, document duplicators like the "polygraph" used by Thomas Jefferson — were as much a product of the Enlightenment as the notion that society should become an administered utopia, with individuals adjusting themselves to its immutable norms.
