That such a reputedly unspoilt city has become so heavily polluted is a subject of major concern for its inhabitants, and the causes are much discussed by local media.
The GSTM1 genotype affected mutagenicity of urine in smokers and subjects from polluted regions, protein adducts in smokers, SCE in smokers and nonsmokers, and Comet assay parameters in postal workers.
These enzymes, and in particular e-GST, are hyper-expressed when the level of circulating toxins in the body increases, and we recently observed that higher concentrations of e-GST are present in subjects living in polluted areas.
Negative associations may simply reflect a selective migration of symptomatic subjects away from polluted areas, while in contrast, it has been argued that the use of self-reported indicators of exposure may tend to overestimate any association compared to more objective measures [ 16].
Their study showed decreased antioxidant status, measured by serum superoxide dismutase, in subjects living in highly polluted areas compared with that in controls.
The main crux of the project, though, is an interactive map of Sarnia, with the photos and stories of his subjects plotted geographically in relation to polluted areas.
Subjects who are living in highly polluted areas may become somewhat more resistant to Cd toxicity than those in slightly polluted areas.
Table 4 Standard of SFPI (P_{i}) (le 0.4) (0.4 sim 1.0) (1.0 sim 2.0) (2.0 sim 5.0) (> 5.0) Pollution levels Not-polluted Slight polluted Medium polluted Heavy polluted Serious polluted.
Among those without MS, there was no appreciable spatial difference in average WBC count comparing subjects from the clean air communities with others residing in more polluted areas.
Subjects annoyed by noise (stress) may instead tend to move away from polluted areas.
