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At present, quantitative summaries of the estimated effects of air pollution on lung function are lacking due to large differences among studies regarding study design, exposure assessment methods, air pollutants, lung function measures, and statistical analysis methods (Gotschi et al. 2008).
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Epigenetic influences on associations between air pollutants and lung function in elderly men: the Normative Aging Study.
The chronic impact of ambient air pollutants on lung function in adults is not fully understood.
We studied the effects of air pollutants on lung function using a mixed linear model.
A significant association between industrial air pollutants and lung cancer risk has been reported in women [ 90].
In this article we describe examples of how air pollutants affect lung disease in experimental animal systems.
The relationships between concentrations of air pollutants and lung function parameters were analyzed by generalized estimating equations (GEE) for panel data.
Moreover, a very recent study by Camarinho et al. [ 22] showed that chronic exposure to volcanogenic air pollutants causes lung injury in wild mice.
In our data, almost all associations between air pollutants and lung function remained after adjustment for DNA methylation, which suggests that pulmonary effects of air pollutants were not mediated by methylation.
Several studies have established an association between acute [ 2– 4] and long-term [ 5, 6] exposure to anthropogenic air pollutants and lung function, while only few have analyzed the respiratory effects from volcanogenic air pollution [ 7– 9].
In conclusion our study, despite its limitations, suggests that the short-term negative impact of exposure to relatively low concentrations of air pollutants on lung function is limited to individuals with already impaired respiratory health.
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