In addition, systematic use of multiple biomarkers has been found as most useful in the assessment of pollutants' effects [ 4].
Recent insights show that cocktails of pollutants create dynamics surpassing the level of effect of single pollutants and may result in stronger combined health effects than would be expected when simply adding the single pollutants' effects [ 13].
While carrying out the sensitivity test, multiple air pollutants model was fitted to evaluate the stability of single air pollutant model and to compare lag and cumulative effects to analyze the stability of air pollutants' effects.
Investigating the short-term effects of air pollution on endothelial function, inflammatory response, and blood pressure of pregnant women could help understanding if these are possible pathways for air pollutants effects on reproductive outcomes.
When using exposure estimates derived from an average across a network of air pollution monitoring sites, the pollutant effect will most likely be underestimated (Zeger et al. 2000).
Historically, a common epidemiological approach for addressing mixtures has been through single pollutant models, in which a single pollutant effect is viewed as a surrogate for a particular air pollution mixture.
The present study has attempted to give a brief account on the pollutant effect of AgNPs on the germ cells, fertilization, and embryonic development of H. elegans.
The association between asthma admission with change of NO2, PM10, PM2.5 and O3 levels remained significant after adjustment for multi-pollutants effect and confounding variables, with increase in asthma admission rate of 5.64% (3.21 8.14) at lag 3 for NO2, 3.67% (1.52 5.86) at lag 4 for PM10, 3.24% (0.93 5.60) at lag 4 for PM2.5 and 2.63% (0.64 4.67) at lag 2 for O3.
The problem of sampling negative values of air pollutant effect.
Our approach assumes a common national pollutant effect.
The distribution of the estimator of the common pollutant effect was based on 5,000 bootstrap cycles.
