Sentence examples for pollination syndrome from inspiring English sources
Our results suggest population viability will depend on the sensitivity of the pollination syndrome and the pollinator involved.
Penstemon clevelandii, a homoploid hybrid of P. centranthifolius (red-flowered, hummingbird-pollinated) and P. spectabilis (lavender-flowered, wasp-pollinated) has established reproductive isolation by selection for a divergent pollination syndrome (magenta-flowered, bee- and hummingbird-pollinated) [ 14].
For the analysis of the relation between pollination syndrome and hydrocarbon production, the species were classified into three main pollinator categories (Table 1) according to the available information [ 49, 75- 77].
We also test for directionality in transitions that might be caused by selection by pollinators or by an evolutionary ratchet in which reversals to the original pollination syndrome are not possible.
Specialised interactions with pollinators can lead to specialised floral traits, which collectively are known as a pollination syndrome.
Flowers with a long, thin perianth tube are typical of this pollination syndrome, especially in Iridaceae.
Our reconstructions inferred that a shift in pollinator has repeatedly led to a decrease in diversification rate, with bird-pollination syndrome clades less species rich than their bee-pollination syndrome sisters.
For example, G. alternifolium is placed with two bird-pollination syndrome species (PP = 0.96) but their position among other bird-pollinated species has low resolution and in the cpDNA analysis, G. alternifolium is placed with bee-pollination syndrome species (Additional file 1: Figure S1 and Additional file 2: Figure S2).
Species diversity of bird-pollination syndrome clades is lower than that of their bee-pollination syndrome sisters.
Other species of Gastrolobium (e.g., G. alternifolium) that were inferred as a reversal of bird-pollination syndrome to bee-pollination syndrome also look the same as a typical bee-pollination syndrome.
Changes in flower traits as a result of transitions to bird-pollination syndrome might also limit reversals to a bee-pollination syndrome.
