The Bush administration, more than other recent administrations, has tilted toward the Israeli government in its policy, in the view of Israeli and Palestinian officials.
A specific cause for optimism involved economic policy, in the view of former American administrator in Iraq, L. Paul Bremer III, who left Baghdad on Monday.
Johnson's Great Society policies, in the view of many Kennedy Democrats, set an impossible standard for the role that government should play in the effort to achieve social progress, and helped to polarize the electorate, to the disadvantage of the Democratic Party.
The practice would, however, shatter police policy, break the law and, in the view of police commanders and prosecutors, erode the integrity of officers.
Obama advisers also pointed out that her chief foreign policy accomplishment as first lady, in the view of some of her supporters, was her speech on women's rights at a United Nations conference in Beijing, and that it was therefore hypocritical of the Clinton camp to criticize Mr. Obama for emphasizing his 2002 speech.
The same is true for the circular economy approach, which is pushed forward by policy makers and pioneer companies in the view of pressing challenges such as climate change, increasing pollution and shortening of ecological resources as well as by the younger generation with changing consumption patterns more conducive to sharing instead of possessing products.
But while public opinion has changed in favor of gay rights over the past two decades, those attitudes are often not reflected in public policy, because the views of lawmakers, polls suggest, lag behind the public, and not just among social conservatives who have long opposed elements of the gay rights agenda on moral grounds.
Lastly, affected groups' perspectives must be taken into account in designing policy, including the views of scientists, clinicians, institutional managers and research participants.
Congress has mandated a progress report from the White House before Sept. 15, and Mr. Bush chided lawmakers for calling for a change in policy before hearing the views of the two men who are, as administration officials repeatedly point out, "on the ground in Iraq".
In developing new programmes of commissioned research the SDO Programme considers a wide range of factors, including how well particular concepts are understood and defined, what is already known in the area, the policy context, and the views of relevant stakeholders.
Mr. Biden said the new president's actions "reverse the policies that in my view and the view of many in this agency caused America to fall short of its founding principles and which gave Al Qaeda a powerful recruiting tool".
