Such policies, doctors and medical experts have said, discouraged hospitals from buying new medical technologies and sometimes compelled doctors and other personnel to use brands they did not like.
But under American policy, Guantánamo doctors cannot adhere to those principles.
We were a motley crew of 11: artists, journalists, parliamentarians, policy advisers, doctors, lawyers and entrepreneurs.
"Two months of policy for doctors, American workers and people suffering on unemployment is just plain ridiculous," Mr. Reed said.
The association is disseminating its policy to doctors at a time when more of them are becoming hospital employees.
In 1970, the year Nixon signed Title X, the Department of Defense adopted a policy that doctors on military bases could in some instances perform abortions.
They would also be able to keep the policy and doctors of their choice as they move from job to job.
Medicating the worried-well, given the low risk of disease and the high risks of taking powerful antibiotics, is unsound medicine and bad public policy, these doctors say.
For example, roughly half of all the state medical boards, including New York's, have no policy for doctors attempting to return to clinical practice after an extended period of time away.
Those studies led Unaids, the United Nations AIDS-fighting agency, to adopt "test and treat" as its goal last year; the policy encourages doctors to start people on treatment as soon as they test positive for H.I.V.
As a policy matter, doctors (particularly pediatricians and obstetricians) often disagree; as a personal matter, it's an issue for which there does not appear to be a one-size-fits-all answer.
