Economic policies imposed during the Soviet era brought significant changes to both the countryside and cities.
Austerity policies imposed by the authorities contributed to a sharp contraction of the Greek economy last year.
It is home to the Uighur ethnic group, many of whose members are resentful of policies imposed by the ethnic Han, the dominant group in China.
Until recently, European leaders argued that they could quell the crisis with an underfinanced rescue fund and stiff austerity policies imposed on borrowers to re-establish their creditworthiness.
He refused to submit to the cultural policies imposed by the new regime and turned to translation as a means of supporting himself.
His view fits the mainstream development consensus that emphasises "country ownership" – that lasting change comes from within developing countries, rather than through policies imposed from outside.
And despite decades of these policies imposed on Cuba and its proximity to American shores; the US never managed to invade Cuba or to Americanise it.
Take, for instance, the role of one of Greece's creditors, the International Monetary Fund, which many Greeks blame for the austerity policies imposed on them by the bailouts of 2010 and 2012.
The great tragedies of recent times the starvation of the Great Leap Forward (1958-61) and the terror of the cultural revolution (1966-76)—were the results of crazy policies imposed from the centre.
The so-called "rescue packages" that these nations have received in recent years have barely reduced their debt, while the austerity policies imposed on them have plunged their economies deeper into the abyss, exactly as Keynesian theory would predict.
But this means curbing the harsh austerity policies imposed in return for aid from European institutions and the International Monetary Fund — policies that have only deepened the countries' recessions.
