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The activity of key transcription factors, polarizing factors, and peptide signals explains some local stomatal patterns emerging from the behavior of a few lineally related cells [6, 8-11].
The activity of key transcription factors, polarizing factors [6], and peptide signals [7] explains some local stomatal patterns emerging from the behavior of a few lineally related cells [6, 8 11].
Migration was one of the most polarizing factors behind the UK's vote to leave the European Union in the first place.
This was done in the absence of exogenous polarizing factors in the medium.
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That is the central polarizing factor in today's world, too.
Treatment of microglia with IL-4, a typical type-2 polarizing factor, reduces expression of pro-inflammatory genes such as TNFα and increases the expression of trophic factors capable of stimulating oligodendrocyte precursors such as IGFs.
Three principle strategies for inducing the formation of bands of Büngner were investigated: (a) an aligned extracellular matrix, (b) polarizing differentiation factors, and (c) microstructured biomaterial filaments.
They first state that "the ability of cells to polarize simultaneously in up to four directions without any overexpression indicates that polarity factors and other components required for budding are present at higher levels than needed to make one bud".
Taken together, our results indicate that RBP-J regulates expression of M2-associated molecules by either maintaining their basal levels in macrophages or promoting gene induction in response to M2-polarizing factors such as IL-4.
For example, human primary M1 polarized macrophages can be re-polarized by secreted factors from their own counterparts, M2 macrophages, and vice versa, in vitro[ 27].
Tumor derived factors might influence the macrophage physiology in the sinus polarizing them into a M2 state [ 16].
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