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Patients who were clinically diagnosed with CIED infection, including pocket infection, bacteremia, and infective endocarditis, were excluded.
Infection was defined as either pocket infection with local signs of erythema, pain, or purulent discharge or infective endocarditis in the presence of permanent transvenous leads.
Taking into account major Duke criteria of LDIE, vegetations were detected in 67.6 % of patients, positive blood cultures in 34.5 % (positive culture of extracted leads in 46.4 %), concomitant pocket infection in 62.1 % (with positive culture in 30%%), and recurrent lung infections (infected pulmonary embolism index) in 24.9 %.
In 60% of the patients (9 of 15) with confirmed CDI, no local signs or symptoms suggesting generator pocket infection were noted.
The symptoms of LDIE and pocket infection were detected in 62.1 % of patients.
In 62.1 % of patients, LDIE was concomitantly present with pocket infection.
Similar(15)
Pocket infections occur only with implantable ports.
Culture-negative cases of CIED pocket infections are well recognized and have been reported to occur in up to 16% of patients.
In case of tunnel or port-pocket infection, TIVAP-related bloodstream infection is obviously strongly suspected and the device should be promptly removed [6].
Such a walled-off pocket of infection might not respond to even the most powerful antibiotics.
The pocket of infection deep within the tongue was described as an exceedingly rare condition with so little precedent that the doctors declined to speculate on how the tongue became infected.
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