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Another major development in the modern suspension bridge was the pneumatic caisson, which permitted pier foundation at great depths.
A brilliant feat of 19th-century engineering, the Brooklyn Bridge was the first bridge to use steel for cable wire, and during its construction explosives were used inside a pneumatic caisson for the first time.
A compressed-air blast that wrecked a pneumatic caisson slowed the work, as did a severe fire that smoldered for weeks in another caisson, a cable that parted from its anchorage on the Manhattan side and crashed into the river, and the fraud perpetrated by a steel-wire contractor that necessitated the replacement of tons of cable.
Understanding of gas migration behavior in saturated soft soil is of great importance for designing and construction activities involving applications of pneumatic caisson method and compressed-air tunneling technique in soft ground.
Formation of gas flow pathways, either caused by capillary pressure or mechanical stress, can result in gas breakthrough, the corresponding pressure of which is determined according to the evolution of gas flow rate and can be used as the working gas pressure for avoiding significant gas loss in the gas-tight working structures in pneumatic caisson method and compressed air tunneling technique.
Similar(55)
The Eads bridge was given added strength by its firm foundations, for which pneumatic caissons, instead of cofferdams, were used for the first time in the United States.
The use of pneumatic caissons (watertight chambers) was still in a somewhat experimental stage, and what happened to men working in compressed air at the bottom of the caisson was not yet fully understood.
Air lock, device that permits passage between regions of differing air pressures, most often used for passage between atmospheric pressure and chambers in which the air is compressed, such as pneumatic caissons and underwater tunnels.
The use of pneumatic caissons in skyscraper foundations grew more advanced; in the construction of the 1908 Manhattan Municipal Building they were successfully sunk 144 feet below the surface, with specially conditioned workers operating in shifts with constant medical support.
Compare caisson.
Pneumatic drills clattered.
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