Despite their small molecular size and their conserved functional domain of two distinct EF-hands, S100 proteins developed a plethora of tissue-specific intra- and extracellular functions.
It can be hypothesized that a stringent control of the gene expression of glycosidases may prevent the synchronized release of the plethora of tissue-bound proteins.
Even mutations identical by descent can be associated with a range of different phenotypes governed by their nonidentical expression in different tissues, each possibly modulated by a plethora of tissue-specific genetic modifiers.
Studies in diverse model organisms continue to unravel the pathways downstream of LKB1; the emerging picture is that the outcomes of LKB1 signaling are mediated by a plethora of tissue-specific and context-dependent effectors.
The scope of central tolerance in the thymus is largely dictated by the ectopic expression of a plethora of tissue-restricted antigens (TRAs) by thymic epithelial cells (TECs), in particular medullary thymic epithelial cells (mTECs), a phenomenon termed promiscuous gene expression (pGE).
2-Methoxyoestradiol (2-MeOE2, Figure 1, 1), a metabolite of oestradiol, is generated in vivo by catechol- O-methyl transferase, an enzyme which is expressed in a plethora of mammalian tissues including the liver, kidney, brain and red blood cells (Mannisto and Kaakkola, 1999).
A plethora of soft tissue fillers have been developed within the past decade to correct the cutaneous changes that occur with photoaging.
GPCRs are involved in a plethora of physiological functions in all kinds of tissues.
In general, an increased expression of KATs entails an enhanced histone acetylation, and a plethora of previous studies in other tissues have provided evidence that hyperacetylated histone lysine residues are related to transcriptionally active chromatin, facilitating accessibility of the DNA template to the transcriptional machinery [ 19, 20].
We now add data that methylation of CpG dinucleotides also may play a key role in controlling expression of a plethora of genes involved in directing tissue specificity and diverse organ function.
