There is no fair play obligation in cases such as this, either because the passive receipt of benefits is not enough to show that one is a participant in a cooperative practice (Dagger 1997, pp. 69 70) or because the benefits are "of relatively little value" (Klosko 2004, pp. 38 39).
To be sure, Simmons does acknowledge that some people may acquire fair-play obligations by enjoying nonexcludable benefits that they take to be "worth the price [they] pay for them" if they do so in full awareness that "the benefits are provided by a cooperative scheme" (1979, p. 132, emphasis in original).
If it produces nonexcludable goods, which everyone receives regardless of whether she contributed to their production or even wants them, then there can be no fair-play obligation to bear a share of the burdens of the enterprise.
If the benefits are the same in both cases, then there is no reason to think that true cooperation, rather than mere compliance, is producing the benefits, and hence no reason to think that those who receive the benefits have a fair-play obligation to obey the laws.
Sadly, it's easy to sacrifice play to obligations.
In their work in two remote Northern Territory communities Johnston & Thomas emphasised the value placed on reciprocity and sharing, and the role that cultural obligations play in smoking behaviour [ 14].
He said he told them that Mr. Gore "has an absolute obligation to play out the string, an obligation to his party and his voters".
On the eve of the Players, before Na shined a spotlight on a problem long plaguing the game, PGA Tour Commissioner Tim Finchem was asked whether he felt an urgency to address pace of play and an obligation to set an example for golfers of all skill levels.
When there is a significant gap in socioeconomic positions between two generations, economic factors and family obligation play different roles.
Yet I wonder, especially when it comes to serious writing, whether this competition also brings something less dispiriting into play: a direct obligation towards your audience that was too often lacking in pre-digital times.
After a lifetime of play, guilt demanded obligation.
