Metamorphism results from a complex interplay between physical and chemical processes that operate on a scale ranging from micrometres (e.g., fine mineral grain sizes, thickness of intergranular fluid, diffusion distances for chemical species) to tens or hundreds of kilometres (e.g., crustal thickness, width of collision zone between lithospheric plates, depth to subducting plate).
Connections with and without stabilizer plates were tested that varied in plate thickness, plate depth, and the number of horizontal bolt lines.
The plastic deformation penetrated through the entire plate depth, the depth of highly hardening layers was arrived at 500 μm and a sandwich structure was produced.
In this model, a tsunami earthquake zone is distributed near the trench axis to a plate depth of 15 km, an LFE zone is distributed at depths of 15 25 km, and the SSE zone is at depths >25 km.
3D models, which were built with Mimics (Materialise, Leuven, Belgium) from the DICOM data, were used to measured anatomy parameters such as end plate depth, end plate width, vertebral body height, spinal canal depth, spinal canal width, pedicle height and pedicle width.
Comparing with the surface severe plastic deformation (SPD) processes, the explosion impact has a stronger ability for hardening the entire plate depth and a little weaker surface strengthening effect.
The equivalent thickness calculation equation is based on regression analysis of a large number of finite element simulation results of elastic local buckling strength of perforated plates under compression, considering the effects of a number of different design variables such as plate depth, thickness, perforation patterns and dimensions of the plate.
A technician blind to sample identities measured growth plate depth (µm) and hypertrophic zone depth (µm) with a previously published technique that was adapted for the KS300 computerized image analysis system (Carl Zeiss Vision GmbH, Hallbergmoos, Germany) [60], [61].
