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The area of nearby tree plantations (positive effect), distance to the tree plantation edge (negative effect), and habitat type (mainly attributable to the location of nests in vineyards) explained predation rates at open farmland habitat.
In addition to model 1 covariates, model 2 was adjusted for heart rate, income, number of smokers living at home, distance from the residence to the nearest flower plantation edge, pesticide use within the household or on the household lot, and pesticide use by contiguous neighbors.
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A similar 'dead zone' also apparently contributed to cooler, moister night-time conditions at plantation edges.
These birds are associated with swamp forest, second growth scrub, and mangroves but also drier habitats such as dry forest, pastures and plantation edges.
To assess the effect of oil palm plantation edges on anuran communities in Sabah, Malaysian Borneo, we surveyed anuran species and measured structural habitat and landscape parameters at 74 sites spread across forest and plantation habitats along the Kinabatangan River.
This was the opposite of edge-type effects recorded for closed-forest types, and was explained by lower wind speeds at plantation edges, which led to the accumulation of heat in the 25 m firebreak between the two land uses.
Despite these effects and the high predation rate on artificial nests (49%), there was neither evidence for increased predation near plantation edges nor higher predation in fields with more lagomorphs and predators.
A tractor is pulling a flatbed trailer along the plantation's edge.
The linear model would indicate a gradient between the two vegetation types, whereas the quadratic model would indicate a stronger effect of the plantation's edges.
Two long sequences have been added to the middle of the film, including an episode set in a French plantation on the edge of Cambodia that has long been shrouded in legend and speculation.
Using fixed and roving weather stations, we examined influences on temperate woodland microclimate of adjoining land use (agriculture versus tree plantation), distance from edge (0 150 m), and woodland structural attributes (canopy openness, stem density and basal area).
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Justyna Jupowicz-Kozak
CEO of Professional Science Editing for Scientists @ prosciediting.com