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While our present focus is on the secreted proteins, the complete fungal transcriptome, for FPR, in different resistant plant backgrounds will be addressed in a separate treatise.
Conventional approaches to breeding crop plants with improved stress tolerance have thus far met with limited success because of the difficulty of breeding tolerance associated traits from diverse plant backgrounds.
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If we suppose equivalence of entity behavior regardless of the number of transgenic insertions in the plant background, we can also suppose knowledge of the effects of transgenic inserts in a GM stack from tests performed on the GM (single) parental plants.
To ensure lacewing adults were not sensitive to Cry2Aa protein independent from the plant background and to add certainty to the toxicity assessment, C. sinica adults were fed with an artificial diet containing Cry2Aa protein at an approximately 10 times higher concentration than in rice pollen.
In order to ensure that adults of C. carnea are not sensitive to the tested toxins independent from the plant background and to add certainty to the hazard assessment, adult C. carnea were fed with artificial diet containing purified Cry3Bb1 or Cry1Ab at about a 10 times higher concentration than in maize pollen.
To draw a general conclusion about the sensitivity of adult C. carnea to Cry1Ab or Cry3Bb1 independent from the plant background, and to address the fact that our ELISA measurements of the pollen revealed a lower Cry3Bb1 concentration than reported from field collected pollen, a bioassay using activated and purified toxins, incorporated into artificial diet, was carried out.
Plants were started on MS with 2% sucrose on 0.7% agar, with or without selection depending, on the plant background to be transformed.
Likely, these results reflect substantial differences in experimental design and conditions, including cDNA library origin, plant background, stringency of stress conditions, plant species, setting up and processing of microarrays.
The apparent contradiction of these results has been explained as a function of the plant background in which the BiP basal level and the cellular secretory activity would signal the necessity of BiP up- or down-regulation under drought.
Whether this difference is caused by a higher protein level of the heterologous enzyme in the mutant plant background or is linked to advanced enzyme activity will be the topic of further studies.
Tells at length about nuclear safety: interviews with experts & visits to plants, background on atomic energy.
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