The final break between Archbishop Zbyněk and Hus occurred when the Council of Pisa deposed both Pope Gregory XII, whose authority was recognized in Bohemia, and the antipope Benedict XIII and in their place elected Alexander V.
In Chile the initial move toward independence was made on September 18 , 1810 when a cabildo abierto (open town meeting) in Santiago, attended by representatives of privileged groups whose vaguely defined objectives included a change in administration, accepted the resignation of the President-Governor and in his place elected a junta composed of local leaders.
Surprisingly, Peter Hain, the experienced Welsh secretary and one of Ed Miliband's earliest and closest supporters did not make the first 19, missing out by three votes, polling 97 – three short of Liam Byrne, the lowest placed elected member and two less than Emily Thornberry, the Labour MP for Islington South.
In some cases, state school boards get involved in the process, as occurs in Texas, which has the unfortunate effect of placing elected officials, with little or no knowledge or expertise in the fields whose curricula they govern, responsible for approving standards written by experts.
"I know she knows she has to declare soon," said one source, a highly placed elected official who declined to be identified because he was discussing private plans.
In other places, though, elected officials have hunkered down to undertake the grim task of cutting.
In their places, voters elected opposition candidates and political novices who had experienced the hardships of ordinary people.
In his place they elected Clement VII (reigned 1378 94), who soon took up residence back in Avignon.
In Ecuador President Rafael Correa, who is due to leave office in 2017, is having second thoughts about the two-term limit his own 2008 constitution placed on elected officials.
The evolving political dynamics have thrust Detroit into the middle of a strange, and for some, off-putting, electoral battle — an otherwise normal display of the democratic process in a place where elected officials no longer have final say.
